Taurine is a simple sulfur-containing amino acid in animals. Its chemical name is 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid. Its molecular formula is C2H7NO3S and its molecular weight is 125.15. Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid for human body and plays an important role in the development of fetal and infant nervous system. Taurine can be widely used in medicine, food additives, fluorescent brighteners, organic synthesis and other fields. It can also be used as biochemical reagent, wetting agent, pH buffer and so on.
Taurine is widely distributed in human and animal brain, heart, liver, kidney, ovary, uterus, skeletal muscle, blood, saliva and milk in the form of free amino acids, with the highest concentration in pineal gland, retina, pituitary gland, adrenal gland and other tissues. In mammalian heart, free taurine accounts for 50% of the total free amino acids.
Taurine is widely used, such as in the function of central nervous system, cell protection, cardiomyopathy, renal insufficiency, abnormal development of renal function and retinal nerve injury. Almost all eye tissues contain taurine. The quantitative analysis of rat eye tissue extract showed that taurine was the most abundant amino acid in retina, vitreous, lens, cornea, iris and ciliary body. Many studies have found that taurine is an active substance that regulates the normal physiological activities of the body. It has the functions of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, maintaining the osmotic pressure balance of the body, maintaining normal visual fu