Poloxamer, whose trade name is Pluronic, is a new type of high molecular non-ionic surfactant. Its molecular formula is ho · (C2H4O) m · (C3H6O) n · h, which is a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ether.
Function and use
1. As emulsifier and stabilizer: poloxamer188 (Pluronic F68), as an oil in water emulsifier, is one of the few synthetic emulsifiers used in intravenous emulsion. The dosage is 0.1% ~ 5%. The emulsion used in the preparation of this product is less than 1 μ Below m, the absorption rate is high. It has stable physical properties and can withstand hot pressure sterilization and low temperature freezing. Application examples: fat emulsion infusion for injection. Lipomul's prescription: 150g cottonseed oil, 12g soybean phospholipid, Pluronic F68 3G, 40g glucose, and 100ml water for injection.
2 as solubilizer: This product can form micelles due to surfactants and increase the surface solubility of various drugs, such as salicylic acid, diazepam, indomethacin, metronidazole, etc. Taking salicylic acid as an example, salicylic acid can be solubilized in two Pluronic classes Pluronic L65 and Pluronic F68. Each mole of Pluronic L65 can solubilize salicylic acid by 1.3mol, and each mole of Pluronic F68 can solubilize salicylic acid by 0.93mol, indicating the stable solubility of salicylic acid in different concentrations of Pluronic. Solubility of salicylic acid in Pluronic per minute (mg / ml) × 10000）。 The solubility of salicylic acid in F68 increases gradually with the increase of surfactant concentration, but in L65, the solubility increases rapidly to the maximum with the increase of concentration, but then decreases gradually.
3 as absorption enhancer: on the one hand, because this product slows the intestinal peristalsis, the retention time of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract increases and the absorption increases, which can improve the bioavailability of oral preparations. On the other hand, this product has good compatibility with the skin, increases the skin permeability and promotes the absorption of external agents.
4 as a slow release material: solid products with large molecular weight, used as adhesives, coating materials, etc. to prepare tablets, capsules, gels, etc., to achieve sustained release and controlled release purposes, and achieved satisfactory results. The dosage is 5% ~ 15%.
5 as solid dispersant: Pluronic solid products can be used as carriers of solid dispersions, such as solid dispersions prepared by butazone, griseofulvin, digoxin, digoxin and this product, which greatly improves the solubility of these drugs and promotes the absorption of these drugs. The dosage is 2% ~ 10%. 6 this product, which is used as the solid model of cream and suppository matrix, is not only soluble, but also can promote the absorption of drugs. It can also play a slow-release role when used as the matrix.
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