Chlorogenic acid is an organic compound with chemical formula c16h18o9. It is one of the main antibacterial and antiviral active pharmacological components of honeysuckle. Hemihydrate is acicular crystal (water). 110 ℃ becomes anhydrous compound. The solubility in 25 ℃ water is 4%, and the solubility in hot water is greater. Easily soluble in ethanol and acetone, very slightly soluble in ethyl acetate.
Chlorogenic acid has a wide range of antibacterial effects, but it can be inactivated by proteins in vivo. Similar to caffeic acid, oral or intraperitoneal injection can improve the central excitability of rats. It can increase the intestinal peristalsis of rats and mice and the tension of rat uterus. It has cholagogic effect and can enhance bile secretion in rats. It has sensitization effect on people. Asthma and dermatitis can occur after inhaling plant dust containing this product.
Application of chlorogenic acid
Chlorogenic acid has a wide range of biological activities. The research on the biological activities of chlorogenic acid in modern science has gone deep into many fields, such as food, health care, medicine, daily chemical industry and so on. Chlorogenic acid is an important bioactive substance, which has the functions of antibacterial, antiviral, increasing leukocyte, protecting liver and gallbladder, anti-tumor, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipid, scavenging free radicals and exciting the central nervous system.
Antibacterial and antiviral
Eucommia ulmoides chlorogenic acid has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, aucubin and its polymers have obvious antibacterial effects, and aucubin has inhibitory effects on Gram-negative and positive bacteria. Aucubin has bacteriostatic and diuretic effects, and can promote wound healing; Aucubin and glucoside can also produce obvious antiviral effect after pre culture, but it does not have antiviral function. The Institute of aging Medical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, has confirmed that the alkaline substance extracted from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Has the ability to destroy the human immune system virus. This substance may be used to prevent and treat AIDS.
Antioxidation
Chlorogenic acid is an effective phenolic Antioxidant. Its antioxidant capacity is stronger than caffeic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tocopherol. Chlorogenic acid has antioxidant effect because it contains a certain amount of R-OH radical, which can form hydrogen radical with antioxidant effect, so as to eliminate the activity of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and other free radicals, so as to protect tissues from oxidative damage.
Free radical scavenging, anti-aging, anti musculoskeletal aging
Chlorogenic acid and its derivatives have stronger free radical scavenging effect than ascorbic acid, caffeic acid and tocopherol (vitamin E), can effectively scavenge DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical, and can also inhibit the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein. Chlorogenic acid plays an important role in effectively scavenging free radicals, maintaining the normal structure and function of body cells, preventing and delaying the occurrence of tumor mutation and aging. Eucommia chlorogenic acid contains a special component that can promote the synthesis and decomposition of collagen in human skin, bone and muscle. It has the function of promoting metabolism and preventing decline. It can be used to prevent the decline of bone and muscle caused by space weightlessness. At the same time, it is found that Eucommia chlorogenic acid has obvious anti free radical effect both in vivo and in vitro.
Inhibition of mutation and antitumor
Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that Eucommia ulmoides chlorogenic acid has the effects of anti-cancer and anti-cancer. Japanese scholars have studied the antimutagenicity of Eucommia ulmoides chlorogenic acid and found that this effect is related to anti mutagenic components such as chlorogenic acid, revealing the important significance of chlorogenic acid in tumor prevention.
Polyphenols in vegetables and fruits, such as chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, can inhibit the mutagenicity of carcinogens aflatoxin B1 and benzo [a] - pyrene by inhibiting activated enzymes; Chlorogenic acid can also achieve anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects by reducing the utilization of carcinogens and their transport in the liver. Chlorogenic acid has significant inhibitory effects on colorectal cancer, liver cancer and laryngeal cancer. It is considered to be an effective chemical protective agent against cancer. [4]
Protective effect on cardiovascular system
As a free radical scavenger and antioxidant, chlorogenic acid has been proved by a large number of experiments. This biological activity of chlorogenic acid can protect the cardiovascular system. Isochlorogenic acid B has a strong effect on promoting the release of prostacyclin (PGI2) and anti platelet aggregation in rats; The inhibition rate of SRS-A release induced by antibody to guinea pig lung debris was 62.3%. Isochlorogenic acid C also promoted the release of PGI2. In addition, isochlorogenic acid B has a strong inhibitory effect on the biosynthesis of thromboxane and endothelin injury induced by hydrogen peroxide.
Hypotensive effect
It has been proved by many years of clinical trials that Eucommia chlorogenic acid has obvious antihypertensive effect, stable curative effect, non-toxic and no side effects. The University of Wisconsin found that the effective components of Eucommia ulmoides green to reduce blood pressure are terpineol diglucoside, aucubin, chlorogenic acid, and Eucommia ulmoides chlorogenic acid polysaccharides.
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